Section: 美国常用计量系统 | 3.19 美国常用计量系统

Section outline

Elliot is making granola to take on a camping trip with his family. The recipe he is using calls for $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup of honey. Elliot looks everywhere but he can't find the $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup measuring cup. He does have a tablespoon measuring spoon and wonders if he can use that to measure out his $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup of honey. How can Elliot figure out how many tablespoons are in $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup?
::埃利奥特正在做麦当劳和家人一起野营旅行。他使用的食谱是14杯蜂蜜。艾略特到处看,但他找不到14杯量杯。他确实有一个计量勺子的桌球, 不知道他能否用它来测量14杯蜂蜜。艾略特如何知道14杯中有多少桌球?

In this concept, you will learn to convert between common customary units of measure.
::在这个概念中,你将学会将共同习惯计量单位转换为不同的计量单位。

Converting Between Customary Units of Measure
::习惯计量单位之间的转换

The customary system of measurement is the system of measurement primarily used in the United States. The customary system includes units of length , mass, and capacity . It also includes some units of capacity that are mostly used in cooking.
::习惯测量系统是主要在美国使用的测量系统,包括长度、质量和容量等单位,还包括主要用于烹饪的一些能力单位。

The tables below show some of the most common U.S. customary units and how they are related.
::下表显示了一些最常见的美国习惯单位及其相互关系。

U.S. Customary Units of Length
inch (in)
foot (ft) = 12 inches
yard (yd) = 3 feet
mile (mi) = 5,280 feet

U.S. Customary Units of Mass
ounce (oz)
pound (lb) = 16 ounces

U.S. Customary Units of Capacity
fluidounce (oz)
cup (c) = 8 ounces
pint (pt) = 2 cups = 16 ounces
quart (qt) = 4 cups = 32 ounces
gallon (gal) = 4 quarts

U.S. Customary Units of Capacity Used in Cooking
teaspoon (tsp)
tablespoon (tbsp) = 3 teaspoons
cup (c) = 16 tablespoons

Unlike with the metric system , there is not a consistent way that U.S. customary units relate to one another. For example, there are 12 inches in a foot, but only 3 feet in a yard. This means you will need to remember how the different units are related or consult tables such as the ones above.
::与公制体系不同,美国习惯单位之间没有一致的联系方式。比如,一英尺有12英寸,但院子里只有3英尺。这意味着您需要记住不同单位之间的关系,或者参考上面的表格。

You will often need to convert between different U.S. customary units. To move between different U.S. customary units of length, mass, and capacity, you will multiply or divide by a conversion factor.
::您通常需要在不同的美国习惯单位之间转换。要在不同的美国习惯单位之间的长度、质量和容量之间移动, 您需要乘以或除以一个转换系数。

Any time you are going from a smaller unit of measure to a larger unit of measure you will need to divide by the conversion factor.
::从一个较小的计量单位到一个较大的计量单位的任何时候,你都需要除以转换系数。

Any time you are going from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit of measure you will need to multiply by the conversion factor.
::任何从较大的计量单位到较小的计量单位的时间,你都需要乘以转换系数。

Here is an example.
::举一个例子。

$\begin{aligned} 6 feet = \underline{} yards \end{aligned}$
::6英尺=_码

First, notice that feet are smaller than yards. You are moving from a smaller unit of measure to a larger unit of measure. This means you will need to divide.
::首先,请注意脚小于院子。您正在从一个较小的计量单位移动到一个更大的计量单位。这意味着您需要分割。

Next, determine your conversion factor. You are dealing with feet and yards. There are 3 feet in a yard, so your conversion factor is 3.
::下一个决定您的转换系数。您处理的是脚和院子。院子里有3英尺, 所以您的转换系数是3。

Now, divide. Take the given number of feet and divide by 3.
::现在,分裂。用给定的脚数乘以3,再除以3。

\begin{aligned} 6 \div 3 = 2 \end{aligned}

Because 3 feet make 1 yard and you have 6 feet, you have 2 yards.
::因为3英尺能造一个院子而你有6英尺你只有2码

The answer is $\begin{aligned} 6 feet = 2 yards \end{aligned}$ .
::答案是6英尺=2码

Here is another example.
::下面是另一个例子。

$\begin{aligned} 2 tablespoons = \underline{} teaspoons \end{aligned}$
::2个汤匙=_茶匙

First, notice that tablespoons are larger than teaspoons. You are moving from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit of measure. This means you will need to multiply.
::首先,请注意, 汤匙大于茶匙。您正在从一个较大的计量单位移动到一个较小的计量单位。这意味着您需要乘法。

Next, determine your conversion factor. You are dealing with tablespoons and teaspoons. There are 3 teaspoons in a tablespoon, so your conversion factor is 3.
::下一步, 确定您的转换系数。您正在处理 potons 和 teaspoons 。在 poon 里有 3 个 teaspoons, 所以您的转换系数是 3 。

Now, multiply. Take the given number of tablespoons and multiply by 3.
::现在, 乘。取给定的桌桌数, 乘以 3 。

\begin{aligned} 2 \times 3 = 6 \end{aligned}

Because there are 3 teaspoons in each tablespoon and you have 2 tablespoons, you have 6 teaspoons.
::因为每张桌垫里有3个茶匙而你有2个,6个茶匙

The answer is $\begin{aligned} 2 tablespoons = 6 teaspoons \end{aligned}$ .
::答案是2个汤匙 = 6个茶匙

Examples
::实例

Example 1
::例1

Earlier, you were given a problem about Elliot and his granola.
::早些时候,你得到一个问题关于艾略特和他的粮仓。

He needs $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup of honey for his granola recipe, but he can't find the $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup measuring cup. He does have a tablespoon measuring spoon and wants to figure out how to use that to measure out $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup.
::他需要14杯蜂蜜来配他的麦片配方,但他找不到14杯量的杯子。他确实有一个计量勺子的桌球,想弄清楚如何用它来测量14杯。

First, Elliot should note that cups are larger than tablespoons. This means he will need to multiply.
::首先,艾略特应该注意到杯子比汤匙大,这意味着他需要成倍增长。

Next, he should determine his conversion factor. There are 16 tablespoons in a cup, so his conversion factor is 16.
::接下来,他应该决定他的转换系数。杯子里有16个汤匙,所以他的转换系数是16。

Now, Elliot can multiply. He should take the $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup and multiply by 16.
::艾略特可以乘以14杯乘以16

\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \times 16 = \frac{16}{4} = 4 \end{aligned}

There are 4 tablespoons in $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup.
::14个杯子里有4个汤匙

The answer is Elliot should measure out 4 tablespoons of honey in order to have $\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{4} \end{aligned}$ cup of honey.
::答案是艾略特应该测量出四片蜂蜜以获得十四杯蜂蜜

Example 2
::例2

How many fluid ounces are there in 1 gallon?
::1加仑里有多少液态盎司?

First, notice that the table does not show a direct relationship between ounces and gallons. However, it does say that a gallon is 4 quarts and a quart is 32 ounces. You can do the conversion in two steps. First, convert 1 gallon to quarts.
::首先,请注意表格没有显示盎司和加仑之间的直接关系。但是, 它确实说加仑为4夸特, 夸特为32盎司。您可以分两步转换。首先, 将1加仑转换为夸特。

\begin{aligned} 1 gallon = 4 quarts \end{aligned}

Next, convert 4 quarts to ounces. Quarts are larger than ounces. You are moving from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit of measure. This means you will need to multiply.
::下一步, 将 4 夸特转换为盎司。 quarts 大于盎司。您正在从一个较大的度量单位移动到一个较小的度量单位。这意味着您需要乘以。

Now, determine your conversion factor. There are 32 ounces in a quart, so your conversion factor is 32.
::现在,确定你的转换系数。一个夸特有32盎司,所以你的转换系数是32。

Finally, multiply. Take the number of quarts and multiply by 32.
::最后,乘以。以 quarts 数乘32 乘以32 。

\begin{aligned} 4 \times 32 = 128 \end{aligned}

Because there are 4 quarts in 1 gallon and 32 ounces in each quart, you have 128 ounces.
::因为每夸特有4夸特1加仑和32盎司, 你每夸特有128盎司。

The answer is there are 128 fluid ounces in a gallon.
::答案是加仑里有128盎司液体

Example 3
::例3

$\begin{aligned} 12 pounds = \underline{} ounces \end{aligned}$
::12磅=_盎司

First, notice that pounds are larger than ounces. You are moving from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit of measure. This means you will need to multiply.
::首先请注意, 磅大于盎司。您正在从一个较大的计量单位移动到一个较小的计量单位。这意味着您需要乘法。

Next, determine your conversion factor. You are dealing with pounds and ounces. There are 16 ounces in a pound, so your conversion factor is 16.
::下一个决定您的转换系数。您处理的是磅和盎司。每磅有16盎司, 所以您的转换系数是 16。

Now, multiply. Take the given number of pounds and multiply by 16.
::乘以给定的磅数乘以16

\begin{aligned} 12 \times 16 = 192 \end{aligned}

Because there are 16 ounces in each pound and you have 12 pounds, you have 192 ounces.
::因为每磅有16盎司 12磅,192盎司

The answer is $\begin{aligned} 12 pounds = 192 ounces \end{aligned}$ .
::答案是12磅=192盎司

Example 4
::例4

$\begin{aligned} 6 yards = \underline{} feet \end{aligned}$
::6码=_英尺

First, notice that yards are larger than feet. You are moving from a larger unit of measure to a smaller unit of measure. This means you will need to multiply.
::首先,请注意,船坞大于脚。您正在从一个较大的测量单位移动到一个较小的测量单位。这意味着您需要乘法。

Next, determine your conversion factor. You are dealing with yards and feet. There are 3 feet in a yard, so your conversion factor is 3.
::下一步,决定您的转换系数。您处理的是院子和脚。院子里有三英尺, 所以您的转换系数是三英尺。

Now, multiply. Take the given number of yards and multiply by 3.
::现在,乘以。拿给定的码数乘以3。

\begin{aligned} 6 \times 3 = 18 \end{aligned}

Because there are 3 feet in each yard and you have 6 yards, you have 18 feet.
::因为每个院子有3英尺你只有6码你只有18英尺

The answer is $\begin{aligned} 6 yards = 18 feet \end{aligned}$ .
::答案是6码=18英尺

Example 5
::例5

$\begin{aligned} 48 inches = \underline{} feet \end{aligned}$
::48英寸=_英尺

First, notice that inches are smaller than feet. You are moving from a smaller unit of measure to a larger unit of measure. This means you will need to divide.
::首先,请注意,英寸小于脚。你正在从一个较小的计量单位移动到一个更大的计量单位。这意味着你将需要分割。

Next, determine your conversion factor. You are dealing with inches and feet. There are 12 inches in a foot, so your conversion factor is 12.
::下一步, 确定您的转换系数。您处理的是英寸和英尺。一英尺有12英寸, 所以您的转换系数是12英寸。

Now, divide. Take the given number of inches and divide by 12.
::将给定的英寸数除以12

\begin{aligned} 48 \div 12 = 4 \end{aligned}

Because 12 inches make 1 foot and you have 48 inches, you have 4 feet.
::因为12英寸长1英尺,48英寸长,4英尺长。

The answer is $\begin{aligned} 48 inches = 4 feet \end{aligned}$ .
::答案是48英寸=4英尺

Review
::回顾

Fill in the blank with the equivalent measurement.
::填空时填充等量测量。

$\begin{aligned} 6 pints = \underline{} quarts \end{aligned}$
::6品脱=_夸脱

$\begin{aligned} 2 cups = \underline{} tablespoons \end{aligned}$
::2杯=_汤匙

$\begin{aligned} 3 \frac{1}{2} pounds = \underline{} ounces \end{aligned}$
::3 2 磅 = _ 盎司

$\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{2} mile = \underline{} feet \end{aligned}$
::1 2英里=_英尺

$\begin{aligned} 56 ounces = \underline{} pounds \end{aligned}$
::56盎司=_磅

$\begin{aligned} 24 inches = \underline{} feet \end{aligned}$
::24英寸 = _英尺

$\begin{aligned} 5 \frac{1}{2} feet = \underline{} inches \end{aligned}$
::5 1 2 英尺 = _ 英寸

$\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{2} pound = \underline{} ounces \end{aligned}$
::1 2 磅 = _ 盎司

Fill in the blanks with the equivalent measurements for 3 yards.
::填空三码的空格

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} inches \end{aligned}$
::英寸 _ 英寸

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} feet \end{aligned}$
::_英尺

Fill in the blanks with the equivalent measurements for 4 cups.
::填满空白,对4个杯子进行等量测量。

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} tablespoons \end{aligned}$
::_ 汤匙

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} teaspoons \end{aligned}$
::_ 茶匙

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} pounds \end{aligned}$
::_英镑

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} ounces \end{aligned}$
::_ 盎司

$\begin{aligned} \underline{} pints \end{aligned}$
::品脱(_品脱)

Review (Answers)
::回顾(答复)

Click to see the answer key or go to the Table of Contents and click on the Answer Key under the 'Other Versions' option.
::单击可查看答题键, 或转到目录中, 单击“ 其他版本” 选项下的答题键。

Section outline

Converting Between Customary Units of Measure ::习惯计量单位之间的转换

Examples ::实例

Example 1 ::例1

Example 2 ::例2

Example 3 ::例3

Example 4 ::例4

Example 5 ::例5

Review ::回顾

Review (Answers) ::回顾(答复)

Resources ::资源